Enlace
virtual entre dos dispositivos utilizando una infraestructura previa. Hay
diferentes técnicas para crear un túnel: encapsular el protocolo, conmutar por
etiquetas, o crear circuitos virtuales. El túnel permite que las entidades
conectadas utilicen protocolos que soporta la red subyacente.
Technology
enabling one network to send its data via another networks connections.
Tunneling works by encapsulating a network protocol within packets carried by
the second network. [CNSSI_4009:2010]
1. (I) A
communication channel created in a computer network by encapsulating (i.e.,
layering) a communication protocol's data packets in (i.e., above) a second
protocol that normally would be carried above, or at the same layer as, the
first one. (See: L2TP, tunnel mode, VPN. Compare: covert channel.)
[RFC4949:2007]
Data path between
networked devices which is established across an existing network
infrastructure by using techniques such
as protocol encapsulation, label switching, or virtual circuits.
[ISO-18028-1:2006]
A communication
channel created in a computer network by encapsulating a communication
protocol's data packets in (on top of) a second protocol that normally would be
carried above, or at the same layer as, the first one. Most often, a tunnel is
a logical point-to-point link - i.e., an OSI layer 2 connection - created by
encapsulating the layer 2 protocol in a transport protocol (such as TCP), in a
network or Internetwork layer protocol (such as IP), or in another link layer
protocol. Tunneling can move data between computers that use a protocol not
supported by the network connecting them.
http://www.sans.org/security-resources/glossary-of-terms/
Le principe de
tunneling consiste à utiliser un réseau public non sécurisé (ex.: Internet)
comme élément/extension d'un réseau privé sécurisé. On utilise ainsi les
capacités de télécommunication de l'Internet en ajoutant une couche de sécurité
afin d'établir un VPN. Sont souvent utilisés les protocoles PPTP, L2TP ou IPSEC
pour établir cette couche supplémentaire de sécurité.
http://securit.free.fr/glossaire.htm
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